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转Bt cry1Ab基因水稻花粉对中华草蛉成虫产卵和寿命的影响Effects of transgenic cry1Ab rice pollen on the oviposition and adult longevity of Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder 刊：中 白耀宇（浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所, 杭州 310029），蒋明星，程家安// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-225～230
摘要 用ELISA法测定了转Bt基因水稻克螟稻1号（KMD1）和克螟稻2号（KMD2）花粉中Cry1Ab含量。将转Bt基因水稻和其亲本对照秀水11（XS11）花粉加入到草蛉人工干粉饲料中，评价了对中华草蛉Chrysoperla sinica/ Tjeder成虫产卵和寿命等参数的影响。结果显示，转Bt基因水稻"克螟稻"花粉中表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白，且表达量较高。分别用含5 % KMD1、KMD2和XS11花粉的人工饲料饲喂中华草蛉初羽化成虫，发现两类Bt水稻花粉对该虫产卵前期、产卵量、产卵天数和成虫寿命等参数均无显著影响。人工饲料中水稻花粉的比例上升至20%和80%后，KMD1、KMD2和XS11花粉饲料处理中的草蛉均出现产卵前期延长、产卵量减少和产卵天数缩短的趋势，但在同一花粉比例下这些参数在3个花粉饲料处理间均无显著差异。结果表明，Bt水稻花粉中Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白对该草蛉成虫产卵和寿命等参数无显著的负面影响。表3 参37
关键词: 转cry1Ab基因水稻；花粉；中华草蛉；产卵；寿命
Abstract: The concentrations of Cry1Ab insecticidal protein expressed in pollens of transgenic Bt rice KMD1 and KMD2 from a commercial Chinese japonica rice variety Xiushui 11 (XS11), contain a synthetic cry1Ab gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner, were detected by enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the QuantiplateTMkit for Bt Cry1Ab protein. The results showed that the pollens of KMD1 and KMD2 can express Cry1Ab protein highly. Newly emerged Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder adults were provided with three different artificial diets (dry yeast powder-sugar mixture) which contained 5% pollens of KMD1, KMD2 and the control rice line XS11, respectively, and their preovipositional period, fecundity, ovipositional days and longevity were observed. The results showed that none of these parameters differed significantly among the three pollen treatments, even if the proportion of pollen in the artificial diets increased to 20% and 80%. This indicated that the insecticidal protein Cry1Ab in pollens of KMD1 and KMD2 had no significant negative effects on the reproduction and adult longevity of C. sinica.
Key words: Transgenic cry1Ab rice; pollen; Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder; reproduction; longevity
嗜线虫致病杆菌北京变种CB6菌株杀虫蛋白对棉铃虫幼虫的生物活性Insecticidal activity of protein from Xenorhabdus nematophila var. pekingensis to Helicoverpa armigera 刊：中 李明华（中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081）,杨怀文，杨秀芬，简恒， 刘峥//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-231～234
摘要 嗜线虫致病杆菌北京变种Xenorhabdus var. pekingensis CB6菌株是本研究室自主分离的新菌株，其代谢物对棉铃虫具有很强的拒食和抑制生长活性。为了进一步明确代谢物中杀虫蛋白的生物活性，作者用饲料染毒法和叶碟法测定了杀虫蛋白对棉铃虫不同龄期幼虫取食和生长发育的影响。结果表明，杀虫蛋白对棉铃虫幼虫有很强的抑制生长作用，用64μg/g含杀虫蛋白饲料饲喂初孵、1、2和3龄幼虫5天的生长抑制率分别达95.37%、92.73%、87.15%和88.64%，并明显延长幼虫发育历期，影响幼虫的化蛹及蛹的羽化。杀虫蛋白对5龄棉铃虫幼虫拒食效果明显，幼虫饲喂经1.6mg/mL杀虫蛋白处理的叶片24h, 选择性拒食率和非选择性拒食率分别为76.22%和85.42%。当蛋白浓度为0.32mg/mL时， 24h选择性拒食和非选择性拒食率分别为68.39%和74.75%。表4参14
关键词：嗜线虫致病杆菌；杀虫蛋白；棉铃虫；生长抑制；拒食
Abstract:Xenorhabdus nematophila var. pekingensis is a new strain separated and identified by authors. Its metabolite could inhibit insect larva feeding and growth. In order to illuminate the insecticidal activity of protein separated from the metabolite, the antifeeding and grow inhibition of the insecticidal protein to Helicoverpa armigera larvae were studied. The growth inhibitions were 95.37%, 92.73%, 87.15% and 88.64% while neonate and 1-3rd instar larvae were fed with artificial diet mixed with 64μg/g (v/w) protein. The insecticidal protein obviously decreased larva weight, prolonged larva stage and decreased the rate of pupation and emergence. When 5th instar larvae of H. armigera were fed with leaf dipped in 1.60mg/mL protein, the antifeeding was 76.22% and 85.42% respectively for choice and no-choice tests in 24h. The antifeeding was 68.39% and 74.75% while the insecticidal protein was 0.32mg/mL.
Key words: Xenorhabdus nematophila ; insecticidal protein; Helicoverpa armigera ; growth inhibition; antifeedins
菜蛾盘绒茧蜂主要寄生因子对寄主小菜蛾生长发育的调控 Effects of wasp-associated factors of Cotesia plutellae on growth and development of Plutella xylostella larvae 刊：中 白素芬（浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所，杭州310029），陈学新，程家安，符文俊，何俊华//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-235～240
摘要 研究了菜蛾盘绒茧蜂的主要寄生因子(多DNA病毒、毒液和畸形细胞)对寄主小菜蛾生长和发育的影响。通过利用结合假寄生和过寄生方法，证明寄生蜂寄生因子对寄主生长和发育有明显影响。结果显示，假寄生初期，寄主体重降低；但到后期，当未寄生寄主正常化蛹后，假寄生寄主继续取食、发育，寄主末龄幼虫期显著延长，不能化蛹，成为超重幼虫，最大体重可达10.52mg。正常寄生后，寄主的发育与未寄生寄主相比，始终处于抑制状态。过寄生对寄主生长、发育的抑制程度加剧。研究结果表明，假寄生与正常寄生后寄主的生长和发育有明显差异，这种差异的部分原因可能是由畸形细胞引起的。图4表2参13
关键词：寄生因子；生长发育；小菜蛾；菜蛾盘绒茧蜂
Abstract: The parasitoid Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) -host Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) system was used to evaluate the regulatory effects of wasp-associated factors, i.e. PDV, venom and teratocytes, on the growth and development of the host larvae by means of pseudoparasitism and superparasitism. The results showed that after pseudoparasitism the last-instar host larvae were distinctly prolonged in the developmental duration and eventually failed to pupate. At the beginning of pseudoparasitism host larvae increased in body weight more slowly than non-parasitized host larvae. However, at the final period of pseudoparasitism the pseudoparasitized host larvae could continue to feed and develop, and finally became extra-weight larvae (up to 10.52 mg/per larva) when the non-parasitized host larvae had already pupated. The development of normally parasitized host larvae was constantly checked as compared with that of the non-parasitized larvae. Super-pseudoparasitism could strengthen the inhibition of host development, probably due to more physiological doses of PDV and venom injected into the host larvae at wasp oviposition. It is indicated that there were many differences between the larval development and growth of the naturally parasitized and pseudoparasitized hosts, which were probably partially resulted from the functions of teratocytes.
Key words：Wasp-associated factors; growth and development; Plutella xylostella; Cotesia plutellae
吉林省亚洲玉米螟的发生规律 The occurrence of the Asian corn borer in Jilin Province 刊：中 鲁新（吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所，公主岭136100），张国红，李丽娟，刘宏伟，汪洋洲//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-241～245
摘要 通过对玉米秸秆垛中越冬代亚洲玉米螟的调查数据分析，明确了吉林省中部地区（公主岭）越冬代玉米螟蛹的始见期、始盛期、高峰期、盛末期和终见期。通过对田间系统调查数据分析，明确了一、二代玉米螟卵的始见期、始盛期、高峰期、盛末期和终见期。一代玉米螟卵的孵化率达90%以上，卵很少被寄生和捕食，一代幼虫化蛹率为89%～94%。二代玉米螟的田间整个落卵期卵粒赤眼蜂寄生率达70%，卵被捕食和脱落很少，在9月12日左右二代老龄幼虫占92.7%，未见二代幼虫化蛹。研究表明吉林省中部地区玉米螟已由每年发生1.5代转变为每年发生2代。并对导致世代数变化的可能原因进行了讨论。图3表2参6
关键词：亚洲玉米螟；发生规律
Abstract: Through analysis of the investigation data of the Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (ACB), overwintering generation in the piles of maize stalks in Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province, a conclusion is reached on the appearing stage, initial peak stage, peak stage, ending peak stage and disappearing stage during the pupation of the overwintering generation. Through analysis to the systematic investigation data in field, it is determined that the appearing stage, initial peak stage, peak stage, ending peak stage and disappearing stage of the first and second generation eggs. The percentage of hatching is more than 90%, and the parasitism and predatoriness percentage of the eggs is relatively low in the first generation . The pupation rate is from 89% to 94% in the first generation. The parasitization rate of egg masses by Trichogramma spp. is 70% in the second generation ACB. There are less eggs were predated and dropped in the period. The percentage of mature larvae is 92.7% and no pupae are observed in the second generation ACB when dissecting the corn stalks in the middle of September. The occurrence of the ACB have changed from one and a half generations into two generations in the middle region of Jilin Province.
Key words: Asian corn borer; occurrence
入侵害虫椰心叶甲在中国的风险性分析Risk analysis of alien invasive pest, Brontispa longissima (Gestro),in China 刊：中 鞠瑞亭（上海市园林科学研究所，上海200232），彭正强，印丽萍，杜予州，徐颖//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-246～250
摘要 为确定椰心叶甲科学的检疫管理措施，根据WTO的《卫生与植物卫生措施协定》（SPS）要求，对其进行风险性分析。依据国际植物检疫措施标准（ISPM）规定的有害生物风险分析（PRA）程序，利用相关模型，对各项分析指标进行分析并赋值运算。各分析指标及运算值为：（1）国内分布情况，风险值为2；（2）潜在的经济危害性，风险值为2；（3）寄主植物的经济重要性，风险值为3；（4）传播扩散的可能性，风险值为2.05；（5）风险管理难度，风险值为1.66。椰心叶甲的综合风险性值为2.09，符合高风险检疫性害虫条件，据此提出2条相关风险管理备选方案，并分别进行效率和影响评估，确定最终风险管理方案。表1参25
关键词：椰心叶甲；有害生物风险性分析；风险管理；中国
Abstract: According to the implementation of "Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures"of WTO, the risk of the invasive pest, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) in China was analyzed in order to finalize the policy for the quarantine management of the pest. Based on the rules of pest risk analysis (PRA) of "International Standards for Pest Measurements" (ISPM) and the relational model of PRA, we categorized the risk level of Brontispa longissima using five indexes: the distribution, the potential degree of damage, the economical value of infected host plants, the possibility of transmission and spreading, and the difficulty of risk management in China. The values of the five indexes were calculated as 2, 2, 3, 2.05 and 1.66, respectively. The overall risk value of Brontispa longissima was 2.09, which has reached the level of the high risk quarantine pest in China. Finally, two strategies of the risk management for Brontispa longissima were evaluated and the better one was proposed.
Key words: Brontispa longissima ; pest risk analysis; risk management; China
禾谷镰刀菌和稻瘟病菌基因组中的微卫星序列比较 Comparison of microsatellites in the genome of two phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium graminearum and Magnaporthe grisea 刊：中 李成云(农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室，云南农业大学植物病理重点实验室，昆明650201)，李进斌，刘林，杨静，周晓罡//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-251～255
摘要：利用禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum 和稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe grisea 基因组测序结果，对这两种植物病原真菌基因组中的微卫星（SSR）序列进行了系统地分析和比较。结果表明，在禾谷镰刀菌基因组中，共发现4679个SSR序列，总长度为96.2 kp，占基因组全长的0.27％。平均7.7 kb碱基中有一个大于15 bp的SSR序列。在稻瘟病菌基因组中共发现16398个SSR系列，其总长度达到330 kp，约占整个基因全长的0.85％，平均2.36 kb碱基中就分布有1个SSR序列。在禾谷镰刀菌基因组中，数量最多的是五碱基重复序列，其次是六碱基重复序列；稻瘟病菌基因组中数量最多的是单碱基重复序列，其次为三碱基重复序列和五碱基重复序列。两基因组中数量最少的都是二碱基重复序列。尽管这两种植物病原真菌都属子囊菌，基因组大小也十分接近，但无论是在SSR的总体数量上，还是在各类SSR的分布上，两种植物病原真菌都存在十分显著的差别。图1表2参12
关键词：禾谷镰刀菌；稻瘟病菌；基因组；微卫星序列；分布
Abstract: A total of 38.76 Mb of publicly available DNA sequence in two phytopathogens, Fusarium graminearum, Magnaporthe grisea were searched for mono- to hexanucleotide simple sequence repeat (SSR or microsatellite) to determine the type, size and frequency. A total of 4679 SSRs were observed in genomic DNA with criteria of SSR length>15 bp and 80% matches.Total length of SSRs is 96.2kb, constituting 0.27% of genomic DNA in F. graminearum . While 16398 SSRs were observed in genomic DNA sequence in M. grisea with the same criteria. The average density is one SSRs every 7.7 kb in genomic sequence in F. graminearum and every 2.36 kb in genomic DNA of M. grisea. The most abundance microsatellite is pentanucleotide SSR, following by hexanucleotide SSR in F. graminearum ; while mono- and trinucleotide SSR were the most frequent repeat in M. grisea. The least SSRs were dinucleotide repeats in both. These results showed that two phytopathogenic fungi exhibit quite different preferences for SSR type and distribution, and overall microsatellite number, though both belong to ascomycetes, genome size were very similar.
Key words: Fusarium graminearum; Magnaporthe grisea; genome; microsatellite; distribution
水稻空间诱变育种抗稻瘟病研究 The rice blast resistance of space-induced line刊：中 杨祁云（广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 广州 510640），王慧，林佩珍，朱小源，陈志强//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-256～260
摘要：粤香占和青华占2个水稻品种的种子经过高空气球搭载后，选育出株型好、分蘖力强、产量提高的空间诱变高代(6代以上)品系。为了解空间诱变品系对稻瘟病的抗性变异情况，采用36个广东省稻瘟病菌不同致病型的代表菌株分别对粤香占和青华占及其空间诱变品系进行抗谱测定。研究结果表明：①空间诱变能使水稻品种产生稻瘟病抗性变异，有的诱变品系比原种抗病，有的则比原种感病。②空间诱变产生的抗病性变异比较复杂，不同品种的抗病性变异不一样。③空间诱变引起的稻瘟病抗性变异有可能是由多个抗病基因引起的。④空间诱变可以获得抗稻瘟病的特异种质。粤香占是感病品种，本研究测定的抗谱为25％，从其空间诱变品系中，获得高抗稻瘟病的2个品系YX-8和YX-9，抗谱达到94.4%。空间诱变抗病品系的穗颈瘟鉴定试验正在进行中。表2参7
关键词：水稻；空间诱变；稻瘟病抗性
Abstract: High generation space-induced rice lines (6th and up) derived from the seeds of Yue-xiang-zhan and Qing-hua-zhan, which were carried by high spaced balloon. The agronomic character including plant type, tillering ability and yield of new lines were better than the original ones. The blast resistance of these space-induced lines and their original varieties had been screened based on the test of resistance spectrum to fungi in greenhouse by using 36 representative isolates with different pathogenicity and genetic lineages of Magnaporthe grisea from Guangdong. Space inducement could cause the blast resistance variation. Some induced lines had stronger blast resistance than the original varieties, and the others were more susceptible. The resistance variation was complicated, different seeds had different variation. The variation of resistance by space inducement might be from mutation of different resistance genes. Special germplasm with broad resistance spectrum to blast could be obtained by space inducement. Yue-xiang-zhan is a variety susceptible to rice blast, whose resistance frequency is just only 25%，while two space-induced lines, YX-8 and YX-9, from Yue-xiang-zhan showed high resistance to blast and their resistance frequency were 94.4%. The neck blast resistance test of these high generation space-induced lines will be tested in future.
小麦纹枯病菌的分子检测PCR-based detection of Rhizoctonia cerealis 刊：中 陈怀谷（江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南京 210014），方正，陈厚德，林玲，王裕中//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-261～265
摘要：小麦茎基部可寄居多种真菌，并可导致发褐、坏死等症状，与小麦纹枯病相混淆。为准确诊断小麦纹枯病，根据江苏省小麦茎基部常见寄居菌禾谷丝核菌Rhizoctonia cerealis 、立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani 、长蠕孢菌Helminthosporium spp. 、交链孢菌Alternaria spp. 、小麦全蚀病菌Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici 和禾谷镰刀菌Fsarium graminearum r DNA的ITS区段序列差别，设计合成了2对特异性扩增引物（DNF77+DNR554，DNF81+DNR564）用于小麦纹枯病菌检测。2对引物均能从小麦纹枯病菌株扩增到特异性的分子片段，说明设计的特异性引物可以用来检测小麦纹枯病菌。采集田间具有小麦纹枯病症状、茎基部变褐及健康麦苗，进行病原菌分离，同时提取这些麦苗茎基部DNA，利用上述2对引物进行扩增。结果表明，仅从能分离到禾谷丝核菌的麦组织中扩增到约480bp的特异性条带。说明设计的特异性引物可以对田间小麦纹枯病进行早期、快速分子诊断。图4参10
关键词：小麦纹枯病菌；分子检测
Abstract: According to the difference of rDNA ITS sequence among Rhizoctonia cerealis, Rhizoctonia solani, Helminthosporium spp., Alternaria spp., Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and Fusarium graminearum, which usually inhabits bases of wheat plants, two pairs of primers, DNF77 +DNR554 and DNF81+DNR564, were designed to detect Rhizoctonia cerealis which cause wheat sharp eyespot. The results showed that a sequence about 480bp could be amplified by PCR from pure cultured R.
cerealis isolates and infected sheath of wheat by R. cerealis isolates using the designed primers, which could be used to develop a rapid PCR-based diagnostic technique for the sharp eyespot at early stage of R. cerealis infecting wheat.
Key words: Rhizoctonia cerealis; molecular detecting
苹果茎沟病毒部分分离物的生物学特性与分子鉴定The biological characteristics and molecular identification of some Apple stem grooving virus isolates 刊：中
郑银英（华中农业大学植物科学技术学院，武汉 430070），王国平， 洪霓//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-266～270
摘要：通过昆诺藜接种鉴定和ELISA检测,从梨和苹果上分离获得苹果茎沟病毒（Apple stem grooving virus ，ASGV）23个分离物。采用TC-RT-PCR对这些分离物进行扩增，均获得特异的扩增片段，PCR产物经5%PAGE电泳，出现大小约500、530和600bp的3种迁移率不同的泳动带型。根据PCR产物电泳迁移率的差异，选取3个来源于梨的分离物P-L4、P-6-1-17和P-3-2-67的PCR产物进行克隆与序列测定。经BLAST搜索，3个分离物的扩增片段与苹果分离物P-209的CP基因3′端核苷酸序列同源性分别为92.2%、90.4%和88.4%。3个分离物间的核苷酸序列也有较大差异，P-L4/P-6-1-17为95.5%、P-L4/P-3-2-67为90.4%、P-6-1-17/P-3-2-67为88.6%。图2表1参11
关键词：苹果茎沟病毒；酶联免疫吸附反应；试管捕捉反转录-聚合酶链式反应；序列测定
Abstract: Twenty-three isolates of Apple stem grooving virus were obtained from pear and apple by mechanically inoculating on Chenopodium quinoa and ELISA confirmation. Specific fragments were amplified from all these samples by tube capture reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (TC-RT-PCR). These PCR products showed three type bands with different migration rates (500bp, 530bp and 600bp) on 5% PAGE. The PCR products of three isolates P-L4, P-6-1-17 and P-3-2-67 from pear with different migration rates were cloned and sequenced. A BLAST search result revealed that these three isolates had 92.2%, 90.4% and 88.4% nucleotide sequence similarity with the 3′ends of P-209, an isolates from apple. And the nucleotide sequences among these three isolates also showed some different. The similarities of P-L4 and P-3-2-67, P-L4 and P-6-1-17, P-6-1-17 and P-3-2-67 were 90.4%, 95.5% and 88.6%, respectively.
Key words: ASGV；ELISA；tube capture RT-PCR；sequencing
小麦白粉病纯化菌种保存方法 Studies on preservation method for pure isolates of wheat powdery mildew 刊：中 曹远银（沈阳农业大学植物免疫研究所，沈阳110161），于基成，刘秋，魏松红//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-271～274
摘要：利用经初选确定的5种具有较好保鲜能力的配方，采用离体叶段滤纸保存法、离体叶段琼脂保存法和试管苗保存法对小麦白粉病菌纯化菌系保存效果进行了研究。结果表明，对小麦幼苗第一叶叶段保鲜效果最好的配方是沈保6号，当使用40～60μg/mL最适浓度时，第25天叶段绿色仍可达到90％以上。保存菌种的最适环境条件研究结果表明，在4℃冰箱中，以离体叶片沈保6号琼脂保存和离体叶沈保6号浸润滤纸保存效果最佳，在第40天叶片绿色仍分别达到78.0％和68.0％，孢子萌发率可达26.7％和26.8％。图3参4
关键词：小麦白粉病菌；离体叶段培养；保存方法
Abstract: The purpose of the studies was to sieve a good method to preserve the viability of fresh pure isolates of Blumeria graminis (DC) Speer f. sp. tritici Marchal. The efficacy comparisons among 5 leaf freshening formulations selected from preliminary experiments were performed with three different techniques, i.e. detached-leaf-culture with filter paper, detached-leaf-culture with agar and test tube growing seedlings with soil. The results showed that among 5 formulations the most potent one was Shenbao 6 and its optimum concentration was 40μg/mL, the green color ratio of wheat leaves was maintained over 90% on the 25th day. Furthermore, tests were also conducted to select ideal preservation environment conditions, the result indicating that at 4℃in the refrigerator, either the technique to keep detached infected leaves on Shenbao 6 wetted filter paper in covered petri dish or the one to maintain the leaves in Shenbao 6 agar in sealed bottles was ideal for holding the viability of the spores, which could maintain green color ratio of the leaves about 78% and 68% and the spore germination rate about 26.7% and 26.8%, respectively, until the 40th day.
Key words: Powdery mildew of wheat; detached leaf culture; spore preservation method
杂交狗牙根叶枯病病原鉴定及其生物学特性 Identification and biological characteristics of Curvularia lunata causing leaf blight on Cynodon hybrid 刊：中 江明（华中农业大学植物科技学院植物保护系，武汉 430070），黄俊斌，Hsiang T，郑莉//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-275～279
摘要：杂交狗牙根叶枯病是武汉地区高尔夫球场草坪上的一种重要病害。为了查明该病害的病原和控制该病害的发生，对叶枯病的病原物进行了分离鉴定、生物学特性研究以及室内药剂筛选。形态学观察结果表明，引起杂交狗牙根叶枯病的病原物为新月弯孢Curvularia lunata (Wakker)Boedijn；生物学特性研究显示C.lunata 生长的适宜温度为20～35℃，最适温度为25℃，适宜pH值为5～8，最适pH值为6；在所测试的碳源中，C.lunata 对葡萄糖和蔗糖的利用最好，对半乳糖的利用效果最差；在所测试的氮源中，对KNO3利用最好，对NH4Cl和氨基乙酸的利用最差；菌丝的致死温度为55℃ 10min。室内PDA平板药剂筛选结果表明，10%苯醚甲环唑对病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好。图2表2参13
关键词：杂交狗牙根；叶枯病；新月弯孢 ；生物学特性
Abstract: A leaf blight of Cynodon hybrid was found to be an important disease on golf courses in Wuhan, but there have been few reports of this disease in China. To better manage this disease, we obtained some isolates, tested Koch's postulates, identified and studied some biological characteristics and screened fungicides of the pathogen. The results showed that the pathogen was Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn based on morphological characteristics. The pathogen grew well at a temperature range of 20-35℃ as well as a pH range of 5-8, in which the optimal temperature and pH were 25℃ and 6, respectively. Through carbon sources testing, glucose and sucrose were found to support growth which were significantly faster than other sources, while galactose was found to support the slowest growth. Among the nitrogen sources tested, potassium nitrate supported the fastest growth, whereas ammonium chloride and aminoacetic acid supported the least growth. Hyphal viability was completely lost when hyphal agar plugs incubated at 55℃ for 10 minutes. Fungicide testing on PDA plates revealed that 10% difenoconazole showed the greatest inhibition of hyphal growth among the ones tested.
Key words: Cynodon hybrid; leaf blight; Curvularia lunata; biological characteristics
绿色荧光蛋白标记荧光假单胞菌P303及其生存能力检测Labeling of Pseudomonas fluorescens P303 strain with green fluorescent protein and monitoring of Its survival ability刊：中 张霞(中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京100094)，张杰,李国勋,黄大昉,陈中义//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-280～286
摘要：构建了含有荧光假单胞菌自身启动子PP303的中间质粒载体pGFP。然后利用mini-Tn5转座子，通过接合转移，将两个带有不同启动子的绿色荧光蛋白基因分别整合到荧光假单胞菌P303染色体上，获得了在488nm波长下发光稳定的P303m1和P303m3菌株。PCR鉴定和Southern印迹结果均证明绿色荧光蛋白已随机插入P303染色体。SDS-PAGE结果表明，含有PA1/04/03启动子的P303m3菌株GFP表达量低于含有PP303启动子的P303m1菌株，染色体标记的GFP表达量低于质粒标记。室内平板抑菌试验结果表明，P303m1与出发菌株P303抑菌活性相当，对九种植物病原真菌有较强的拮抗作用。定殖、生存竞争能力研究表明，荧光假单胞菌在自然土壤中和大白菜根际都具有较强的定殖能力。P303和P303m1在自然土壤中第60天的菌量分别为1.63×104和3.3×102 cfu/g土（湿重），大白菜根际第50天的菌量分别为3.29×106和4.1×104 cfu/g根（湿重）。图6表1参16
关键词：荧光假单胞菌；绿色荧光蛋白；接合转移；Southern杂交；定殖
Abstract: The vector pGFP containing PP303 promoter was constructed. Then plasmid pJBA28 and pGFP were transformed into E. coli S17-1/λπ respectively, and sequently the conjugation was carried on. S17-1/λπ (pJBA28) and S17-1/λπ (pGFP) were donor strains, and P303 was recipient strain. The conjugants P303m1 and P303m3 which fluoresced steadily under 488nm were acquired. Both PCR and Southern blotting analysis demonstrated that gfp gene had been inserted into P303 chromosomal DNA randomly. SDS-PAGE assay indicated that the expression of GFP in P303m3 (carried PA1/04/03) was weaker than in P303m1 (carried PP303), and the expression of gfp gene located in the chromosome was weaker than in the shuttle plasmid. The growth curve of P303m1 certified that it was the same growth speed as the wild strain P303. Genetic stability result showed that the stability of gfp gene remained 100% after 96 h. P303m1 remained strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant pathogenic fungi as P303. The survival and colonization of P303 and P303m1 were investigated by selective culture and PCR identified methods. The results showed that the ability of colonization of P303 and P303m1 in the soil and rhizos phere was much stronger than that around phyllosphere. The total population of P303 and P303m1 were 1.63×104 and 3.30×102 cfu/g soil (wet weight) in the 60 days after incubation in natural soil, and 3.29×106 and 4.1×104 cfu/g roots (wet weight) in the 60 days in the rhizosphere of cabbage respectively.
Key words: Pseudomonas fluorescens; green fluorescent protein; conjugation; Southern blot; colonization
百合疫病病原菌的鉴定及培养基的筛选 Screening of media and identification of pathogen causing lily blight 刊：中 徐秉良（甘肃农业大学草业学院植物病理系,兰州730070）, 马书智//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-287～290
摘要：从具典型症状的新鲜百合疫病植株茎基部病组织中分离到百合疫霉菌，根据其病原菌菌丝的形态、菌落特征，厚垣孢子、游动孢子囊和卵孢子的形态和大小，以及病原菌致病性测定，该病原菌鉴定为烟草疫霉Phytophthora nicotianae van Brede de Haan。供试的16种培养基中，病原菌在胡萝卜琼脂培养基（CaA）和辣椒琼脂培养基（PeA）上生长最好，生长速率分别为1.771和1.770mm/h。在常规培养条件下，病原菌不易产生厚垣孢子、游动孢子囊和卵孢子，在低温、皮氏溶液和土壤浸出液中分别诱导产生出大量厚垣孢子、游动孢子囊和卵孢子。图1表2参11
关键词: 百合疫病；培养基筛选；致病力测定
Abstract: The pathogen causing lily blights was isolated from diseased lily with typical symptoms on basal stem. The pathogen was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae van Brede de Haan according to the characteristics of mycelium, chlamydospore, zoosporangium, oospore and the test of pathogenicity of the pathogen. Among 16 kinds of culture media, the best media for pathogen growing and generating were carrot agar medium (CaA) and pepper agar medium (PeA) with growth speed 1.771mm/h and 1.770mm/h respectively. It is hard for Phytophthora nicotianae to produce chlamydospores, zoosporangiums and oospores under normal culture conditions. With the treatment of low temperature, Petri solution and filtered soil suspension, pathogen could generate plenty of chlamydospores, zoosporangiums and oospores.
Key words：Phytophthora nicotianae ；screening of medium；test of pathogenicity
玉米灰斑病菌的可溶性蛋白质及同工酶多态性 Polymorphism of the soluble protein and isozyme in gray leaf spot pathogen of maize 刊：中 唐乐尘（福建农林大学植物保护系，福州 350002），张海佳 植物保护学报2002，29（1）：67~72 图1参4
关键词：病虫害防治，咨询网站，农药处方，ASP网页
基金项目：福建省科委科研基金资助（K98028）
RH-2485对棉铃虫的室内药效试验 Laboratory efficacy of RH-2485, a new non-steroidal ecdysone agonist, against cotton bollworm: Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 刊：中 王桂清（聊城大学农学院，聊城 252059）,陈捷//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-291～294
摘要：利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对采自北方玉米主产区的23个玉米灰斑病菌菌株进行可溶性蛋白质和同工酶电泳图谱分析及聚类分析，从蛋白质和酶学的多态性水平上分析玉米灰斑病菌的生理分化特征。研究表明，玉米灰斑病菌在可溶性蛋白质和SOD、MDH、PPO、POD、EST、CAT等的同工酶谱存在差异，不同菌株之间某些同工酶谱带数和同一迁移率谱带的亮度和色泽差异非常显著，说明菌株间的多态性可在同工酶水平上得到反映。研究还发现，来自不同地区的菌株同工酶谱带无明显的变化规律，反映出病菌同工酶的变异与地理位置关系不密切，也表明该病菌可能具有较广泛的地域适应性。图2参16
关键词：玉米灰斑病菌；可溶性蛋白质；同工酶
Abstract: Twenty-three isolates of gray leaf spot pathogen，Cercospora zeae-maydis，collected from growing area of Northern China were clustered based on their soluble protein and isozyme profiles obtained through native PAGE in order to base physiologically the pathogen differentiation at protein or isozyme level. A significant diversity of GLS pathogen was found in terms of spectrum change of soluble protein and isozyme including SOD, MDH, PPO, POD, EST and CAT among those strains, and the obvious difference in the numbers of bands and activities of bands with the same Rf value were also detected. Those data strongly supported that isozyme polymorphism could be indicators to reveal the pathogen diversity, however there was lack of evidence to show the correlation of isozyme spectrum with pathogen collection location, therefore at least based those enzymes mentioned above, the change of isozymes was unable to represent the difference of pathogen adaptability to environment. The phenomenon was possibly associated with the wider adaptability of the pathogen to environments or other physiological factors probably involved in the regulation of pathogen adaptability.
Key words: Gray leaf spot pathogen；soluble protein；isozyme
甲酯化植物油助剂对除草剂的药效增强作用 The research on the enhancement effect of methylated vegetable oil adjuvant on herbicides 刊：中 鲁梅（山东农业大学植物保护学院，泰安 271018）, 王金信,刘钰,李浙江,刘伟// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-295～299
摘要：为明确不同甲酯化植物油助剂对除草剂活性的影响，采用温室盆栽法测定了甲酯化油菜籽油、棉籽油、花生油、玉米油、大豆油、葵花籽油、亚麻籽油和蓖麻油8种甲酯化植物油助剂对磺草酮、莠去津、烟嘧磺隆和精喹禾灵4种常用茎叶处理除草剂防除稗草、反枝苋的影响。结果表明，8种助剂对供试4种除草剂均有不同程度的药效增强作用，其中对磺草酮和莠去津的药效增强幅度大于对烟嘧磺隆和精喹禾灵的药效增强作用，前者为30％～70％，后者则小于20％。相对而言，在供试8种助剂中，以甲酯化油菜籽油、棉籽油和花生油助剂对除草剂的药效增强效果较好，甲酯化玉米油、大豆油和葵花籽油助剂次之，而甲酯化亚麻籽油和蓖麻油助剂对除草剂的药效增强效果较差。表4参11
关键词：甲酯化植物油；助剂；除草剂；药效增强作用
Abstract: The effect of 8 methylated vegetable oil adjuvants including methylated rapeseed oil adjuvant, methylated cottonseed oil adjuvant, methylated peanut oil adjuvant, methylated maize oil adjuvant, methylated soybean oil adjuvant, methylated sunflower oil adjuvant, methylated flaxseed oil adjuvant and methylated castor oil adjuvant on 4 herbicides in common usage for controlling barnyardgrass and redroot pigweed was measured by pot method in greenhouse. The 4 herbicides used were sulcotrione, atrazine, nicosulfuron and quizalofop-p-ethyl. The results showed that all the 8 methylated vegetable oil adjuvants had some enhancement effect on the 4 herbicides. The enhancement effect of these adjuvants on sulcotrione and atrazine were better than that on nicosulfuron and quizalofop-p-ethyl, and the former was from 30% to 70% and the latter was less than 20%. Comparatively speaking, the enhancement effect of methylated rapeseed oil adjuvant, methylated cottonseed oil adjuvant and methylated peanut oil adjuvant were better than the other 5 methylated vegetable oil adjuvants and the enhancement effect of methylated flaxseed oil adjuvant and methylated castor oil adjuvant were worse than the others.
Key words: Methylated vegetable oil; adjuvant; herbicide; enhancement effect
不同小麦品种对苯磺隆耐药性差异及其机理Difference of tolerance and mechanism of various wheat varieties to tribenuron-methyl 刊：中 刘伟（山东农业大学农药毒理与应用技术省级重点实验室，泰安271018）,王金信,杨广玲,毕建杰,隋标峰//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-300～304
摘要：室内用砂培法测定11种小麦品种对苯磺隆的相对敏感性，其敏感性有较大差异。碧玛4号、维麦8号对苯磺隆有很强的耐药性，IC50可分别达到502.6和409.3 ai μg/kg，济13号为156.9 ai μg/kg，鲁麦22号、黄县大粒对苯磺隆较为敏感，IC50低于45.0 ai μg/kg。以上5种小麦离体ALS对苯磺隆的敏感性没有明显差异，敏感品种黄县大粒IC50为154.2 nmol/L，甚至较维麦8号149.3nmol/L略高。ALS活体试验表明，小麦可以很快恢复苯磺隆对ALS活性的抑制，且耐药型品种恢复能力较强，碧玛4号、维麦8号ALS恢复活性只需1.5天，敏感品种需3天。碧玛4号、维麦8号除草剂解毒酶系GSTs相对于敏感品种对苯磺隆有较大的反应幅度和较短的反应时间，第2天就分别达到1.46、1.42的峰值，而济13号、鲁麦22号、黄县大粒变化幅度较小，第3天才达到峰值，活性分别为1.39、1.33和1.32。研究表明，小麦各品种对苯磺隆的耐药能力产生差异的主要原因之一是小麦GSTs对苯磺隆的代谢所致，而与小麦ALS对苯磺隆的敏感程度无关。图3表1参10
关键词：小麦；苯磺隆；耐药性；谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶；乙酰乳酸合成酶
Abstract: We measured the tolerance of various wheat varieties to tribenuron-methyl. Bima 4 and Weimai 8 had the higher resistance and the IC50 was 502.6 ai μg/kg and 409.3 ai μg/kg, Ji13's IC50 was 156.9 ai μg/kg, and Lumai 22 and Huangxiandali were sensitive and the IC50 were under 45.0 ai μg/kg. But these 5 varieties'target enzyme of tribenuron-methyl acetolactate synthase had no obvious difference on sensitivity to tribenuron-methyl, and indeed Huangxiandali IC50 (154.2nmol/L) was higher than Weimai 8 (149.3nmol/L). Wheat ALS activity could renew the inhibition of tribenuon-methyl rapidly, Bima 4 and Weimai 8 only needed 1.5 day, but the sensitive varieties needed 3 days. Bima 4 and Weimai 8's GSTs had a rapidly and stronger response to tribenuron-methyl than the susceptive varieties, they reached the peak value 1.46 and 1.42 in two days. Ji13, Lumai 22 and Huangxiandali reached the peak value 1.39, 1.33, 1.32 in 3 days. The result of the study showed that the reason of various wheat varieties have different tolerance to tribenuron-methyl was not the difference of sensitivity of ALS, but the enhancement of wheat's GSTs activity.
Key words: Wheat; tribenuron-methyl; tolerance; GSTs; ALS
瑞香狼毒素对菜粉蝶幼虫的杀虫活性 The toxicity of the extract from the root of Stellera chamaejasme against Pieris rapae 刊：中 张可君（四川大学生命科学学院，成都610064）, 何义国,周俗,肖波,侯太平//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-305～308
摘要：在本实验室前期工作中，发现生长于青藏高原的有毒植物瑞香狼毒对菜青虫具有较好的防治效果。采用微量点滴法研究瑞香狼毒素对菜青虫的触杀活性、以叶片夹毒法和灌喂法研究胃毒活性。在触杀活性试验中，72h的致死中量（LD50）为0.96 ?g/头，以6.25×103 mg?L-1浓度的样品液2?L点滴试虫，即1.25 ×10 ?g/头处理组的72h校正死亡率为92.2%。在胃毒活性试验中， 72h叶片夹毒法的致死中浓度（LC50）为3.82×103mg?L-1，5.00×104 mg?L-1浓度处理组校正死亡率为91.2%；72h灌喂法的LD50为3.80?g/头，以5.00×104 mg?L-1浓度的样品液2?L灌喂试虫，即1.00×102 ?g/头的处理组的72h校正死亡率为96.8%。结果表明，瑞香狼毒素对菜青虫具有较好的触杀活性和一定的胃毒活性。表3参9
关键词：瑞香狼毒；菜粉蝶；触杀活性；胃毒活性
Abstract: The contact toxicity and stomach toxicity of extract from the root of Stellera chamaejasme against the larvae of Pieris rapae was tested. The experimentation on contact toxicity was conducted with micro topical application. In 72h, the median lethal dose (LD50) is 0.96 μg/larvae and the corrected mortality of the larvae treated with 1.25×10μg/larvae is 92.2%. The experimentation on stomach toxicity was conducted by leaf-sandwich and mouthparts infusion. In 72h, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of the larvae treated by leafsandwich is 3.82×103 mg·L-1 and the correct mortality of the larvae treated with 5.00×104μg/larvae is 91.2%. LD50 of the larvae treated with mouthparts infusion is 3.80μg/larvae and the correct mortality of the larvae treated with 1.00×102
μg/larvae is 96.8%. The toxicity of the extract mentioned above showed well contact toxicity and some stomach toxicity.
Key words: Stellera chamaejasme ；Pieris rapae ；toxicity
二斑叶螨对梅岭霉素和溴虫腈的抗性选育及其解毒酶活力变化 Resistance selection by meilingmycin and chlorfenapyr and activity changes of detoxicated enzymes in Tetranychus urticae 刊：中 李瑞娟（山东农业大学植物保护学院，泰安 271018）,王开运,夏晓明//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-309～313
摘要：在温室内模拟田间药剂的选择压力，用梅岭霉素和溴虫腈对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae 以浸渍法逐代处理，选育其抗性种群，评价其抗性风险性。结果表明，选育至12代，对梅岭霉素抗性增长到9.2倍，对溴虫腈抗性增长到10.0倍。酶抑制剂和离体酶活性的测定结果表明，二斑叶螨对梅岭霉素的抗性可能与羧酸酯酶、多功能氧化酶解毒作用的增强和药剂对害螨体壁穿透性降低有关；而药剂对害螨体壁穿透性降低和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶及酯酶代谢作用的增强可能是二斑叶螨对溴虫腈产生抗性的主要原因。表5参10
关键词：二斑叶螨；梅岭霉素；溴虫腈；抗性选育；解毒酶
Abstract: In order to evaluate the resistance risk of meilingmycin and chlorfenapyr to Tetranychus urticae , resistance selection by slide slip method were carried out in laboratory. The related susceptible population of T. urticae was separately treated with meilingmycin and chlorfenapyr simulating field selection pressure in order to breeding its resistance. The results showed that the resistance of T. urticae had reached 9.2 folds to meilingmycin and 10 folds to chlorfenapyr after 12 generations treatment. The resistance mechanism was studied by detecting the activity changes of enzymic inhibitors and detoxicated enzymes. The rise of resistance to meilingmycin was because of the increased activities of carboxy lesterase，microsomal oxidase and decreased cuticular penetration. The resistance to chlorfenapyr was attributed to increased activities of glutathion-S-transferase and decreased cuticular penetration.
Key words: Tetranychus urticae ; meilingmycin; chlorfenapyr; resistance-selection; detoxicated enzymes
木质包装松材线虫溴甲烷熏蒸处理 The methyl bromide fumigation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood packing material for the quarantine treatment 刊：中 贺水山（浙江检验检疫局,杭州310012）,徐瑛,陈先锋,刘永胜,傅冬良// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-314～318
摘要：为寻求一定温度下溴甲烷熏蒸处理杀灭木质包装中松材线虫的有效浓度和时间，给国际贸易中木质包装松材线虫的熏蒸处理提供科学依据,进行了木质包装松材线虫溴甲烷熏蒸处理研究。研究分实验室基础试验和集装箱应用试验两部分，先在实验室中筛选出熏蒸有效浓度和时间，再于集装箱中进行应用试验。结果表明：11～15、16～20、≥21℃时，溴甲烷剂量分别为64、56、48 g/m3，熏蒸24h，24h时浓度分别不低于32、28、24 g/m3，即CT值分别为1152、1008、864 gh/m3，能够100%杀灭木质包装中松材线虫的成虫、幼虫及卵。此外，证实了国际植物检疫措施标准ISPM NO.15《国际贸易中木质包装材料控制准则》中熏蒸处理的要求偏低，不能完全杀灭木质包装中松材线虫。表3参6
关键词: 木质包装；松材线虫；溴甲烷；熏蒸
Abstract: For finding the valid dosage and time in which the nematode would be killed completely, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the lumbers was fumigated with methyl bromide (MB), was put up respectively in the container and in the buckets made by stainless steel in the room with air-condition. Three temperatures of 13±2℃, 18±2℃, 23±2℃ and four kinds of lumber of 2.5cm×10cm×90cm, 5cm×10cm×90cm, 10cm×10cm×90cm, 20cm×20cm×90cm were set up and every kind of lumbers was fumigated with MB of 6-7 kinds of different dosages at every temperature. The results shows that the eggs, larvae, adults of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the lumbers were killed totally when fumigated with MB for 24h at the dosage of 64 g/m3, the dosage over 32 g/m3 as degassing, the CT products of 1152 gh/m3, at the temperatures of 11-15℃,or at the dosage of 56 g/m3 , the dosage over 28g/m3 as degassing, the CT products of 1008 gh/m3, at the temperatures of 16-20℃, or at the dosage of 48 g/m3 , the dosage over 24 g/m3 as degassing, the CT products of 864 gh/m3, at the temperatures over 21℃. In addition, the dosage and time is not enough to kill totally Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the lumbers that appionted by ISPM NO.15 "The Guidelines for regulating wooden packaging material in international trade".
Key words: Wood packing material; Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; methyl bromide; fumigation
杂草稻落粒粳的生物学特性与防治 The biological characteristics and control of a weedy rice Luolijing (Oryza sativa ) 刊：中 余柳青（中国水稻研究所 水稻生物学国家重点实验室，杭州 310006）, Johnson David E.,周勇军,张建萍,玄松南//植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-319～322
摘要：为了解杂草稻（暂定名：Oryza sativa L. ）的生物学特性和探索杂草稻的有效控制技术，开展了杂草稻落粒粳的防治研究。杂草稻落粒粳是在我国东北辽宁省丹东市的水稻田发现的，其植株比常规栽培稻高，容易掉粒。落粒粳颖果呈中长型，果壳稻草色或黄间黑灰色，小穗无芒或有芒，芒长4～12cm。颖果千粒重2.35g。种皮桔红色。落粒粳种子在13～38℃条件下的发芽率均大于88%。水层2.5～10cm处理，落粒粳植株干重减少50%～69%。二甲戊灵660～990 g ai/hm2处理对落粒粳的植株鲜重防效达到优良水平。二甲戊灵对常规栽培稻秀水11的生长无不良影响，对水稻安全。表3参11
关键词：杂草稻；落粒粳；生物学特性；种子形态；防治
Abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine biological characteristics of a weedy rice Luolijing (interim name: Oryza sativa L.), and effects of water regime and herbicides on its emergence and growth. Weedy rice Luolijing was found infesting in paddy field in Dandong, Liaoning Province, northeast of China. The height of the weedy rice was taller than most cultivated rice cultivars, and had medium-long grains without awns or with awns of 4-12 cm that was easily to shatter. The color of grains was straw-like or yellow with dark gray strips. Average 1000-grain weight was 2.35g. Periopsis of the weedy rice was nacarat. The emergence rate of the weed was more than 88% at 13-38℃. Irrigating water of 2.5-10 cm depth reduced the dry weight of the weed by 50%-69%. Pendimethalin at the rate of 660-990 g ai/hm2 provided excellent control of the weedy rice, and did not injure the transplanted rice cultivar Xiushui 11.
Key words: Weedy rice; Luolijing (Oryza sativa ); biological characteristics; seed morphology; control
甘蔗病毒病及其防治研究进展 On sugarcane viral diseases and their controlling 刊：中 周国辉(华南农业大学植物病毒研究室, 广州 510642), 许东林// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-324～328
摘要：甘蔗是最重要的糖料作物，由于其栽培过程中采用种茎无性繁殖，病毒病发生逐年加重。已知侵染甘蔗的病毒种类有甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugarcane mosaic virus , SCMV)、高粱花叶病毒(Sorghum mosaic virus , SrMV)、甘蔗线条花叶病毒(Sugarcane streak mosaic virus , SCSMV)、甘蔗黄叶病毒(Sugarcane yellow leaf virus , SCYLV)、甘蔗斐济病病毒(Sugarcane Fiji disease virus , SFDV)、甘蔗线条病毒(Sugarcane streak virus , SSV)和甘蔗杆状病毒(Sugarcane bacilliform virus , SCBV)。文中简要介绍上述几种病毒的基本特性及其所致病害的发生特点，对目前甘蔗病毒病防治技术进行了评述，提出了我国甘蔗病毒研究中需要关注的若干问题。参31
关键词：甘蔗病毒；甘蔗病毒病害；病毒病防治
Abstract: Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop in the world. Viral disease was a serious problem in sugarcane production which was deteriorated by the yearly increase of infected plants during sugarcane vegetatively propagation. Up to date, it was reported that there are at least eight viruses could infect sugarcane: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV), Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), Sugarcane Fiji disease virus (SFDV), Sugarcane streak virus (SSV) and Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV). The characteristics of these viruses, the diseases they caused and their controlling strategy were briefly reviewed and some comments on the researches on sugarcane viral diseases in China were proposed in this paper.
Key words：Sugarcane viruses；sugarcane viral diseases；viral disease controlling
植物激活蛋白对甜菜夜蛾幼虫生长和发育的影响 Effects of a plant activator protein on the growth and development of beet armyworm larvae 刊：中 邱德文(中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京100081)，曾凡荣，刘峥，杨秀芬，袁京京// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-329～330
淡紫拟青霉菌IPC菌株诱变育种方法比较 The comparison of different methods of induced mutation of Paecilomyces lilacinus IPC 刊：中 张延新（山东农业大学植物保护学院，泰安271018），刘开启，夏振远，李天飞// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-331～332
不同化性亚洲玉米螟有效积温和成虫飞翔能力的比较 Research on the flight capability and effective accumulated temperature of different voltine ecotypes of Asian corn borer 刊：中 鲁新（吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所，公主岭136100），田志来，张国红，李丽娟// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-333～334
番茄碱对环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶活性的影响Preliminary study on the effect of tomatine on the PDE activity 刊：中 段江燕(山西师范大学生命科学学院, 临汾 041004)，冯军军，武志洋，袁丽环，张金红// 植物保护学报. -2005，32（3）.-335～336
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